Minggu, 01 Februari 2009

Asyiknya Meneliti (Club Ilmuwan Muda Kota Banjar)

Ternyata Meneliti Itu Asyik

Syllabus dari IJSO

1.Science Skills and Safety:
Understanding scientific methods and working in the laboratory.
● Identify and use basic laboratory equipment
● Draw scientific diagrams of apparatus
● Follow instructions in the laboratory
● Follow safety techniques when using equipment
● Measure temperature and volume
● Make observations using the five senses
● Make inferences based on observations
● describe the scientific method
● record a science experiment using standard headings
● collect, represent and interpret data in tables and graphs
● use scientific language
2.Pushes and Pulls:
Understanding of what forces are and what they can do
● Describe what forces are and what they can do
● Measure forces using a spring balance
● Carry out experiments with friction, gravity and density.
● Calculate the density of an object
● Explain the difference between mass and weight
● Explain things in terms of the pull of gravity
● Say what friction is and explain how it can be helpful or a nuisance
3. Survival in the Environment:
Understanding of how physical and behavioral adaptations help animals survive.
● List characteristics that help an organism survive
● Define the terms habitat and adaptation
● distinguish between an animal's living and physical environment
● list the physical conditions that affect aquatic animals
● classify adaptations as structural or behavioral
● make inferences from observations
● research, carry out and write up a study of a particular environment
4. Solid, Liquids & Gases:
Understanding of the differences between solids, liquids and gases.
● describe the three states of matter
● recall the boiling point of water and the melting point of ice
● measure the temperature of melting ice
● draw simple graphs
● measure mass using a balance
● calculate the density of materials
● use a particle model
5. Responding:
Understanding of how our bodies senses help us respond to our environment.
● describe the various senses in our body
● define the terms stimulus and respond and how they relate
● describe how nerves carry massages
● explain how muscles move arms and legs
● investigate the senses
● investigate how fast our muscles react
6. Energy:
Understanding of the different types of energy and energy changes.
● describe what energy is and where it comes from
● identify and describe the various forms of energy
● understand how sound is caused
● explain the difference between stored energy in action
● explain everyday happenings in terms in energy changes
● understand that fossil fuels are a non-renewable resource
● conduct an experiment involving energy changes
● use different forms of energy to make an object move
7. How Life Begins:
Understanding of how new life is created in humans.
● describe the differences between animal and plant cell
● describe the sex cell of humans
● describe the human reproductive organs
● understand the changes that take place in boy's and girl's bodies during puberty
● observe the development of a baby during pregnancy
8. Solving Problems in Science:
Understanding the scientific method.
● describe the scientific method
● write up report of experiments
● write hypothesis
● design an experiment using the scientific method
● test a hypothesis by doing an experiment
9. Acids and bases:
Understanding what are acids and bases.
● describe the properties of acids and bases
● understand ph and its practical uses define neutralization
● use and make indicators
● use ph paper to check acidity
● use acids and bases safely
● apply knowledge of acids and bases to everyday situations
● to be aware of the formation and effect of acid rain
10. Interdisciplinary “Space” Studying the Universe:
Understanding our solar system and space exploration.
● know the order of the planets
● describe key features of each planet
● distinguish between comet, asteroids and meteors
● describe spiral, elliptical and irregular galaxies
● explain the significance of star color
● identify major constellations
● be aware of the impact of space exploration
● make scale model of planets
● design and make a space mobile or building from recycled materials
● plot positions of stars
11. Materials from the Earth:
Understanding natural resources, where they are found and what they are used for.
● name useful substances made from natural materials e.g. glass and concrete
● understand what natural resources are
● find out whether or not natural resources are renewable
● present information on renewable resources
● understand how fossil feuls, uranium and water are used to provide energy
● understand how materials and rocks are mined and how they are used
● map the locations of various mineral resources around the world
12. Science& Technology
Understanding of how technology has been used to solve probem.
● explain the difference between science and technology
● find out about some inventors and inventions
● be aware of inventions
● design a test to solve an everyday problem
● carry out a science fair experiment
● research to fine\d relevant information
13. Keeping Healthy:
Understanding the digestive and circulatory systems.
● explain what the part of the digestive system do during digestion
● use the model to explain how food passes from the small intestine to the bloodstream
● describe the importance of fibre in the diet
● describe how the blood carries food and oxygen to the body cells
● understand the effect of exercise on pulse and breathing rates
● investigate the structure and care of teeth
● describe the structure of the heart and how to take care of it
14. Batteries and Bulbs:
Understanding of batteries' concept and circuits.
● make simple circuits
● draw circuit diagrams
● know the difference between series and parallel circuits
● describe the properties of conductors and insulators
● understand about resistance and short circuits
● explain how electrical safety device work (fuses and earths)
● understand the rules for using electrical safely
● know the component of electrical plug
15.Atoms and molecules:
Understanding of atoms, molecules, elements and compounds.
● describe the practical theory to explain the properties of solids, liquids and gases
● explain that matter is made of atoms and molecules
● know the name of some common molecules
● understand the basic structure of the atom
● describe what elements and compounds are
● explain the difference between elements and compounds in term of atoms and molecules
● know the first twenty elements and their symbol from the periodic table
● know about some of the people who discovered different elements
● know the formula of some common compounds
● write a simple word equation
16. Cycles in Nature:
Understanding of food chains and webs
● use food chains to show the link between animals and plants
● describe how bacteria and fungi recycle substances
● know the difference between scavengers and decomposers
● construct food webs
17. What are Things made of:
Understanding of the concept of the periodic table and the elements covered in Year 2 Atoms and Molecules
● review particle theory, atoms, molecules, elements and compounds
● understand basic patterns of the periodic table
● learn the first 20 elements by symbol and name
● learn to write simple equation
● know the basic structure of the atom, protons, neutrons, electrons
● look at where metals and other important materials come from and what they are used for
● know about alloy
18. Disease:
Undestanding how infections disease is caused and transmitted
● describe the microorganisms that cause disease
● know which organism cause common diseases
● understand how our body fights disease
● understand the history of disease and vaccination
● understand about how antibiotics are used to fight disease
19. Global Consumer Science:
Understanding of scientific testing of consumer product and the impact of consumer products on our health and environment.
● use the steps of scientific testing
● understand the difference between objective and subjective testing
● calculate the waste from packaging
● understand how long different substances take to break down
● research recycling
● know about the argument surrounding genetically modified foods
● understand the impact of consumer products on our environment
20. Science and the Road:
Understanding of Newton’s First Law (Inertia), friction, Reaction Time, Acceleration, Car safety.
● understand the main reasons for car accidents
● know about car safety features
● be aware of road safety
● calculate speed and acceleration
● measure reaction time
● list the factors affecting stopping time
21. Interdiciplinary “The Body” Life Goes On:
Understanding of human reproduction and inheritance.
● describe the structure and function of the male and female reproductive system
● recognize variation in human characteristics
● describe the role of genes and chromosomes in human inheritance
● use family trees to determine the features of family members
● be able to calculate the chance of children being born male or female using model
● use grids to predict variation in offering characteristics
● describe genetic engineering and social implications
22. Light and Color:
Understanding of how light and color are produced.
● explain why things are colored
● list the colors of spectrum
● describe how long and short sightedness can be corrected with lenses
● find out how we see colors and why color blindness occurs
● observe how light travels in straight lines
● investigate how different colors are made
● predict the color produced when filters are used
● investigate how lenses bend light to form images
● observe how images from when light reflect from when light reflect from mirror
23. Forensix Science:
Understanding of how science is used in crime detection.
● describe the job of a forensic scientist
● understand how scientists collect and interpret the physical evidence from a crime
● investigate hypothetical crimes
● examine fingerprints
● use chromatography to examine ink samples
● use indicator to detect the presence of certain substances
● examine evidence using a microscope
● understand about ballistic and genetic evidence
● understand about the use of atomic absorption spectrophotometers to examine traces of chemical
● construct evidence table and detect patterns
● write hypothetical forensic reports
24. Mathematics Ability:
Understanding of the mathematics
● Fraction
● Statistics
● Simple Trigonometry
● Simple Geometry
● Logarithms
● Arithmetic and Geometric Array
● Quadratics Equation
● Power and square roots

Sumber: Web IJSO

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